Regurgitant Flow Rate by PISA

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Radius	cm
VA	cm/sec
Angle	degrees
Heart Rate	bpm

RFR	ml/min

How to get a Regurgitant Volume in Aortic Regurgitation.

Step 1: Obtain a CFD of the AR Jet with a good PISA formation under zoomed view. The DTG AVLAX, TG AVLAX, or ME AVLAX views should provide a good PISA formation. The DTG view is optimal for the CWD mode also.

Step 2: Measure the Diameter of the PISA radius. The radius is from the center of the PISA formation, typically from the center of the valve, to the first aliasing velocity. If the PISA is small, try slightly decreasing the aliasing velocity (VA) which will increase the size of the PISA formation.

Step 3: Obtain the angle of the PISA formation. The angle is typically 180 degrees.

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