Prosthetic Valve Failure

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TEEintraoppreopME4CV2D
Short case presentation
54 y.o. male with a history of mitral valve replacement 4 years ago and now presents with increasing SOB, DOE, and edema.

Please calcuate the mitral valve EOA by continutity equation and convergence methods.
What is the etiology of the patient's symptoms?
What are the differences in evaluation of native mitral stenosis with prosthetic valve stenosis?
Does a PISA formation always indicate stenosis?
What is the expected duration of a pericardial valve?